Inā ʻo ke kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻelele kiʻi o nā mea inu ʻĀkia Hikina, a laila ua laha ka ʻeleʻele a puni ka honua.Mai Kina a hiki i Asia Hema, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, a me ʻApelika, ʻike pinepine ʻia ke kī ʻeleʻele.ʻO kēia kī, i hānau ʻia ma ka pōʻino, ua lilo ia i mea inu honua me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻike kī.
He holomua ʻole
I ka hope o Ming a me Qing Dynasties, ua hele kekahi pūʻali koa ma Tongmu Village, Wuyi, Fujian, a noho i ka hale hana kī.ʻAʻohe wahi moe o nā koa, no laila, moe lākou ma ka lewa ma luna o nā lau kī e ahu ana ma ka lepo o ka hale hana kī.Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia kēia mau kīʻaha haʻahaʻa a kūʻai ʻia ma nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa.Hoʻopuka nā lau kī i kahi ʻala paina ikaika.
Ua ʻike nā kamaʻāina he kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo kēia i hana ʻole ʻia, ʻaʻohe mea makemake e kūʻai a inu.ʻAʻole paha lākou i noʻonoʻo i loko o kekahi mau makahiki, e lilo ana kēia kī hāʻule i mea kaulana a puni ka honua a lilo i hoʻokahi o nā waiwai nui o ke kālepa haole o ka Mōʻī Qing.He kī ʻeleʻele kona inoa.
Nui nā kīʻaha ʻEulopa a mākou e ʻike nei i kēia manawa ma ke kī ʻeleʻele, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia ka ʻāina mua i kālepa kī me Kina ma kahi ʻano nui, ua hele pū ka poʻe Pelekania i kahi hana lōʻihi o ka ʻae ʻana i ke kī ʻeleʻele.I ka wā i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke kī i ʻEulopa ma o ka Dutch East India Company, ʻaʻohe kuleana o ka poʻe Pelekania e noho aliʻi ma Asia Hikina Hema, no laila pono lākou e kūʻai i ke kī mai ka Dutch.Ua lilo kēia lau pohihihi mai ka Hikina i mea waiwai nui loa i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā huakaʻi ʻEulopa.Hiki iā ia ke ho'ōla i nā maʻi, hoʻopaneʻe i ka ʻelemakule, a ma ka manawa like e hōʻailona i ka civilization, leʻaleʻa a me ka mālamalama.Eia kekahi, ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻenehana kanu a me ka hana ʻana o ke kī he mea huna mokuʻāina kiʻekiʻe e nā aliʻi Kina.Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ti i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka poʻe kālepa, ua like ka ʻike o ka poʻe ʻEulopa e pili ana i nā kumu kī kī, nā wahi kanu, nā ʻano, etc. ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu.ʻO ke kī i lawe ʻia mai Kina mai he palena palena loa.I nā kenekulia 16 a me 17, ua koho ka poʻe Pukiki e lawe mai i ke kī mai Iapana.Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana o Toyotomi Hideyoshi, ua luku ʻia kekahi heluna nui o nā Karistiano ʻEulopa ma Iapana, a ua aneane hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kālepa ti.
I ka makahiki 1650, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o 1 paona kī ma ʻEnelani ma kahi o 6-10 paona, ua hoʻololi ʻia i ke kumu kūʻai o kēia lā, ua like ia me 500-850 paona, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke kī haʻahaʻa loa ma Beretania i kēlā manawa ua kūʻai ʻia paha ma ka like me 4,000 yuan i kēia lā / kumu kūʻai catty.ʻO kēia ka hopena o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kī i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ke kālepa.ʻAʻole a hiki i ka makahiki 1689 i hui kūʻokoʻa ka Hui Pelekane Hikina Hikina i ke aupuni Qing a lawe mai i ke kī i ka nui mai nā ala kūhelu, a hāʻule ke kumukūʻai o ke kī Pelekane ma lalo o 1 paona.Eia nō naʻe, no ke kī i lawe ʻia mai Kina, ua huikau mau ka poʻe Pelekania e pili ana i nā pilikia maikaʻi, a manaʻo mau lākou ʻaʻole paʻa loa ka maikaʻi o ke kī Kina.
I ka makahiki 1717, ua wehe ʻo Thomas Twinings (ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka brand TWININGS o kēia lā) i ka lumi kī mua ma Lākana.ʻO kāna mea kaua kilokilo ʻoihana ʻo ia ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻano kī like ʻole.ʻO ke kumu o ka hana ʻana i nā kī i hui ʻia, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka ʻono o nā kī like ʻole.Ua wehewehe ka moopuna a TWININGS i ka hana a kona kupunakane, “Inā lawe ʻoe i iwakālua pahu kī a ʻono pono i ke kī, e ʻike ʻo ia he ʻokoʻa ka ʻono o kēlā me kēia pahu: ikaika a astringent kekahi, māmā a pāpaʻu kekahi… Ma ka hui ʻana. a me ke kī like ʻole mai nā pahu like ʻole, hiki iā mākou ke kiʻi i kahi hui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā pahu hoʻokahi.Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia wale nō ke ala e hōʻoia ai i ka maikaʻi kūlike. "Ua hoʻopaʻa pū nā luina Pelekāne i loko o kā lākou mau moʻolelo ponoʻī e makaʻala i ka wā e hana ai me nā poʻe kālepa Kina.ʻEleʻele ke kala o kekahi mau kī, a hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka nānā ʻana ʻaʻole lākou he kī maikaʻi.Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia ʻano kī he kī ʻeleʻele i hana ʻia ma Kina.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe Pelekania ke ʻike he ʻokoʻa ke kī ʻeleʻele me ke kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi i hoʻāla ai ka hoihoi i ka inu ʻeleʻele.Ma hope o kona hoʻi ʻana mai kahi huakaʻi i Kina, ua hōʻike aku ke kahuna pule Pelekane ʻo John Overton i ka poʻe Pelekania he ʻekolu ʻano kī ma Kina: Wuyi tea, songluo tea a me keke keke, a ma waena o ia ka Wuyi tea i mahalo ʻia e nā Kina.Mai kēia, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe Pelekania Ua hopu i ke ʻano o ka inu ʻana i ke kī ʻeleʻele Wuyi kiʻekiʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka hūnā ʻana o ke aupuni Qing i ka ʻike kī, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka hapa nui o nā poʻe Pelekania i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano kī like ʻole ma muli o ka hana ʻana, a manaʻo hewa ʻole aia nā kumulāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo kaʻawale, nā kumulāʻau ʻeleʻele, a pēlā aku. .
Ka hana kī ʻeleʻele a me ka moʻomeheu kūloko
Ma ke kaʻina hana kīʻeleʻele, ʻo nā loulou nui loa ke maloʻo a me ka fermentation.ʻO ke kumu o ka maloʻo ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka makū i loko o ka lau kī.ʻEkolu mau ala nui: ʻo ka maloʻo o ka lā, ka maloʻo kūlohelohe i loko a me ka maloʻo wela.Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana kī ʻeleʻele o kēia wā ma ke ʻano hope loa.ʻO ke kaʻina hana fermentation e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā theaflavins, thearubigins a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka lau kī, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.Wahi a ke kaʻina hana a me nā mea kī, hoʻokaʻawale nā kānaka i ke kī ʻeleʻele i ʻekolu mau ʻano, ʻo ia ka Souchong ʻeleʻele kī, Gongfu ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia he nui ka poʻe e kākau iā Gongfu Black Tea ma ke ʻano he "Kung Fu Black Tea".ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kūlike nā manaʻo o nā mea ʻelua, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi ka ʻōlelo ʻana o "Kung Fu" a me "Kung Fu" ma ka ʻōlelo Hokkien hema.ʻO ke ala pololei e kākau ai ʻo "Gongfu Black Tea".
ʻO ke kī ʻeleʻele Confucian a me ke kī haʻihaʻi ʻeleʻele nā mea kūʻai maʻamau, a ʻo ka mea hope i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻeke kī.Ma ke ʻano he kī nui no ka lawe ʻana aku, ʻaʻole i pili ke kī ʻeleʻele ʻaʻole wale ʻo United Kingdom i ke kenekulia 19.Ma muli o ke kau inoa ʻana o Yongzheng i kahi kuʻikahi me Tsarist Russia i ka makahiki ʻelima, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kina e kālepa me Russia, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kī ʻeleʻele i Rusia.No ka poʻe Lūkini e noho ana ma kahi anuanu, ʻo ke kī ʻeleʻele kahi mea inu hoʻomehana maikaʻi.ʻAʻole like me ka Pelekania, makemake ka poʻe Lūkini e inu i ke kī ikaika, a e hoʻohui lākou i ka jam, nā ʻāpana lemon, brandy a i ʻole ka lama i nā kīʻaha nui o ke kī ʻeleʻele e hoʻohālikelike i ka Berena, nā pōhaku a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe hiki ke lilo i mea ʻai.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka inu ʻana i ke kī ʻeleʻele e like me ka mea ma UK.Ke nānā aku nei lākou i kahi ʻano leʻaleʻa.E hoʻohui lākou i ka waiū, ke kō a i ʻole nā hua manu i ke kī ʻeleʻele, mālama i nā pāʻina kī ma ka home, a hoʻomākaukau i nā mea ʻono i kālua ʻia.ʻAneʻane pono ka poʻe India e inu i ke kīʻaha o ka waiū kī i hana ʻia me ke kī ʻeleʻele ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana he mea kūʻokoʻa loa.E hoʻokomo i ke kī ʻeleʻele, ka waiū, nā cloves, a me ke kāleka i loko o ka ipuhao e kuke ai, a laila ninini i nā mea e hana ai i kēia ʻano kī.He mea inu i kapa ʻia ʻo "Masala Tea".
ʻO ka pāʻani maikaʻi ma waena o ke kī ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻano mea maka e kaulana ia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.I ke kenekulia 19, i mea e hoʻolako ai i ke kī ʻeleʻele, ua hoʻoikaika ikaika ka poʻe Pelekania i nā kolone e ulu i ke kī, a hoʻomaka e hoʻolaha i ka moʻomeheu inu kī i nā wahi ʻē aʻe me ka holo gula.I ka pau ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, ua lilo ʻo Australia a me New Zealand i ʻāina me ka nui o ka ʻai kī ma kēlā me kēia kapita.Ma keʻano o nā wahi kanu, ma waho aʻe o ka paipai ʻana iā India a me Ceylon e hoʻokūkū kekahi i kekahi i ke kanu kī ʻeleʻele, ua wehe pū ka poʻe Pelekania i nā mea kanu kī ma nā ʻāina ʻApelika, ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi loa o Kenya.Ma hope o hoʻokahi kenekulia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua lilo ʻo Kenya i kēia lā i ke kolu o ka mea hana nui loa o ke kī ʻeleʻele ma ka honua.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka lepo a me nā kūlana climatic, ʻaʻole kūpono ka maikaʻi o ke kī ʻeleʻele Kenyan.ʻOiai he nui ka hoʻopuka, hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ka hapa nui no nā ʻeke kī.mea maka.
Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nalu o ke kanu kī ʻeleʻele, pehea ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou hōʻailona ponoʻī ua lilo i mea noʻonoʻo nui nā mea kālepa kī ʻeleʻele.Ma kēia ʻano, ʻo ka mea lanakila o ka makahiki ʻaʻole kānalua ʻo Lipton.Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Lipton kahi mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hāpai ana i ka hoʻolaha kī ʻeleʻele 24 mau hola i ka lā.I ka wa i naha ai ka moku ukana a Lipton e kau ana, a ua olelo ke kapena i na ohua e hoolei i kekahi ukana iloko o ke kai.Ua hōʻike koke ʻo Lipton i kona makemake e hoʻolei i kāna kī ʻeleʻele a pau.Ma mua o ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā pahu kī ʻeleʻele, ua kākau ʻo ia i ka inoa o ka hui Lipton ma kēlā me kēia pahu.Ua lana kēia mau pahu i hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ke kai a hiki i ka Arabian Peninsula ma ke au o ka moana, a ua aloha koke ka poʻe ʻArabia i ʻohi iā lākou ma kahakai i ka inu ma hope o ka hana ʻana.Ua komo ʻo Lipton i ka mākeke ʻArabia me ka ʻaneʻane ʻole ka hoʻopukapuka kālā.ʻOiai ʻo Lipton ponoʻī he haku haʻaheo a he haku hoʻolaha hoʻi, ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka moʻolelo āna i haʻi ai.Eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻokūkū ikaika a me ka hoʻokūkū o ke kī ʻeleʻele ma ka honua mai kēia.
Mʻano ʻano ain
Keemun Kungfu, Lapsang Souchong, Jinjunmei, Yunnan Kahiko Laau ʻEleʻele
Souchong kīʻeleʻele
ʻO Souchong ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu, a ʻo ke kaʻina hana kūʻokoʻa ʻo ka hele ʻana i ka ipu ʻulaʻula.Ma keia hana, ua oki ka fermentation o na lau ti, i mea e mau ai ke ala o ka lau ti.Pono kēia kaʻina hana i ka wā e hiki ai ka mahana o ka ipu hao i ke koi, e hoʻoulu i ka ipu me nā lima ʻelua.Pono e mālama pono i ka manawa.ʻO ka lōʻihi a i ʻole ka pōkole loa e pili nui i ka maikaʻi o ke kī.
https://www.loopteas.com/black-tea-lapsang-souchong-china-teas-product/
Gongfu kīʻeleʻele
ʻO ka māhele nui o ka kīʻeleʻele Kina.ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻemi ʻia ka wai o ka lau kī ma lalo o 60% ma ka maloʻo, a laila lawe ʻia nā kaʻina ʻekolu o ka ʻōwili, fermentation, a me ka maloʻo.I ka wā o ka fermentation, pono e hoʻomālamalama ʻia ka lumi fermentation a kūpono ka mahana, a ma hope ke koho ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā lau kī ma o ka hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
https://www.loopteas.com/china-black-tea-gong-fu-black-tea-product/
CTC
ʻO ka hui ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana e pani i ka kāwili ʻana i ke kaʻina hana o nā ʻano kīʻeleʻele mua ʻelua.Ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ka manual, mechanical, kneading a me ka ʻoki ʻana, ʻokoʻa ka maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o nā huahana i hana ʻia.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kī ʻulaʻula e like me ka mea maka no nā ʻeke kī a me ke kī waiu.
https://www.loopteas.com/high-quality-china-teas-black-tea-ctc-product/
Jin Junmei
●Origin: Wuyi Mountain, Fujian
●Ka waihoʻoluʻu soup: melemele gula
● ʻAʻala: Hoʻohui hui
ʻO ke kī hou, i hana ʻia ma 2005, he kī ʻeleʻele kiʻekiʻe a pono e hana ʻia mai nā ʻōpuʻu o nā kumulāʻau alpine.He nui nā hoʻohālike, a ʻo ke kī maloʻo maoli melemele, ʻeleʻele, a me ke gula he ʻekolu kala, akā ʻaʻole hoʻokahi kala gula.
Lapsang Souchong
●Origin: Wuyi Mountain, Fujian
●ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
● ʻAla: ʻAla Pine
Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau paina i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina no ka puhi ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana, loaʻa iā Lapsang Souchong kahi ʻala ʻala a i ʻole longan.ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka ʻala mua o Pine, a ma hope o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau ʻōpū, hoʻomaka ka ʻala longan.
ʻO Tanyang Kungfu
●Ke kumu: Fuʻan, Fujian
●ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
● ʻAʻala: He nani
He huahana koʻikoʻi i lawe ʻia aku i ka wā o ka Qing Dynasty, ua lilo ia i kī i koho ʻia no ka ʻohana aliʻi Pelekania, a ua hoʻopuka i nā miliona mau taels kālā i ka loaʻa kālā o nā haole no ka Qing Dynasty i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Akā he haʻahaʻa kona inoa ma Kina, a ua hoʻololi ʻia i ke kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka makahiki 1970.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-10-2023